Solution in Chemistry

Definition of solution: Solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances at molecular level in relative amounts. Solute and solvent have in a solution.

Example: salt in water.

Definition of solute: The substance which is present in relatively small amount than the other in a solution is called a solute.

Example: salt is solute of salt in water mixture.

Definition of solvent: The substance which is present in relatively large amount than the other in a solution is called a solvent.

Example: water is solute of salt in water mixture.

Classification of Solution:

Solutions can be classified into two primary catagory, based on the solute and solvent in solution,

1) Dilute solution: Dilute solution is a solution where relatively low amount of solute is dissolved.

Example: 1M HCl solution.

2) Concentrate solution: Concentrate solution is solution where relatively high amount of solute is dissolved.

Example: 5M HCl solution.

Solution can be classified based on physical state of solute and solvent,

1) Solute is solid and solvent is solid

Example: alloy.

2) Solute is solid and solvent is liquid

Example: salt in water mixture.

3) Solute is solid and solvent is gas

Example: smoke.

4) Solute is liquid and solvent is solid

Example: mercury in gold.

5) Solute is liquid and solvent is liquid

Example: alcohol in water mixture.

6) Solute is liquid and solvent is gas

Example: water in air.

7) Solute is gas solvent and solvent is solid

Example: hydrogen in platinum metal.

8) Solute is gas and solvent is liquid

Example: oxygen in water.

9) Solute is gas and solvent is gas

Example: oxygen in nitrogen in air.


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